{"id":27324,"date":"2017-11-21T11:05:27","date_gmt":"2017-11-21T09:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/?p=27324"},"modified":"2017-11-21T11:05:27","modified_gmt":"2017-11-21T09:05:27","slug":"a-quintana-ucronia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/?p=27324","title":{"rendered":"A. Quintana: Ucr\u00f2nia"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"postinfo\">\n<h2><a title=\"Ucr\u00f2nia\" href=\"https:\/\/finestro.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/20\/ucronia\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Ucr\u00f2nia<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16968\" src=\"https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg?w=350&amp;h=234\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg?w=350&amp;h=234 350w, https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg?w=136&amp;h=91 136w, https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg?w=300&amp;h=200 300w, https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg 449w\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"234\" data-attachment-id=\"16968\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/finestro.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/20\/ucronia\/ucronia-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"449,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"ucronia\" data-image-description=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg?w=350&amp;h=234\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/finestro.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/11\/ucronia1.jpg?w=449\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>A Noruega no cal ucr\u00f2nia, a Arag\u00f3 s\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9s sabut que entre Arag\u00f3 i Noruega existeixen forts paral\u00b7lelismes hist\u00f2rico-ling\u00fc\u00edstics. Vaig tractar aquest tema no fa gaires anys en un col\u00b7loqui a Graus. Ara hi torno amb m\u00e9s detalls. All\u00e0, com ac\u00ed, parlen tres lleng\u00fces. Fins a Kalmar (1397), quan Noruega fou incorporada a Dinamarca, parlaven noruec al sud i sami (lap\u00f3) al nord, despr\u00e9s s\u2019impos\u00e0 el dan\u00e8s com a llengua escrita oficial i aviat tamb\u00e9 parlada, mentre noruec i sami sobrevivien en l\u2019oralitat dialectal. Quan les guerres napole\u00f2niques Noruega s\u2019independitz\u00e0 de la tutela danesa. Aleshores consideraren que per molt danitzada que fos la llengua oficial, calia canviar-li el nom: se\u2019n diria noruec i se li donaria uns canvis m\u00ednims per a fer veure que no era dan\u00e8s. Quedava un problema: als territoris on seguia viva en l\u2019oralitat dialectal la llengua noruega, aquesta s\u2019unific\u00e0, i des d\u2019aleshores hi ha dos noruecs que cal diferenciar. Al noruec danitzat se li diu llengua escrita (bokmal) i al noruec unificat neo-noruec (nynorsk), que s\u2019ha anat introduint a l\u2019escola i a l\u2019administraci\u00f3. El sami comen\u00e7\u00e0 a ensenyar-se t\u00edmidament el 1959 amb progressos actualment. La situaci\u00f3 noruega \u00e9s for\u00e7a pareguda a la nostra: fins a Casp (1412) aragon\u00e8s i catal\u00e0 eren oficials. Amb els Trast\u00e0mares s\u2019impos\u00e0 el castell\u00e0, i l\u2019aragon\u00e8s qued\u00e0 a l\u2019oralitat dialectal. El catal\u00e0 continu\u00e0 en prec\u00e0ria oficialitat. Fins que el 1707 tots els aragonesos f\u00f3rem sotmesos a la llengua i lleis borb\u00f2niques de Castella. La vict\u00f2ria austriacista del 1713 a A\u00e7uara i l\u2019aven\u00e7 cap a Madrid de les nostres tropes port\u00e0 a la pau de Nimega: els Borbons mantenien Castella i Carles d\u2019\u00c0ustria era proclamat rei d\u2019Arag\u00f3, com tots sabem. Aleshores consider\u00e0rem que per molt castellanitzada que fos la llengua oficial calia canviar-li el nom: en digu\u00e9rem aragon\u00e8s i li vam fer uns canvis m\u00ednims per a fer veure que no era castell\u00e0 \u2013all\u00f2 de la \u201cny\u201d i \u201c\u00e7\u201d, i fora \u201cch\u201d!. Per la unificaci\u00f3 dels dialectes aragonesos calia fer diferenciaci\u00f3: a l\u2019aragon\u00e8s castellanitzat li diem baix-aragon\u00e8s, a l\u2019unificat alt-aragon\u00e8s. El catal\u00e0 torn\u00e0 a ser oficial. Els paral\u00b7lelismes amb Noruega s\u00f3n veritablement impressionants. Tant ac\u00ed com all\u00e0 la tend\u00e8ncia \u00e9s d\u2019unificar ambdues lleng\u00fces.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Artur Quintana<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ucr\u00f2nia A Noruega no cal ucr\u00f2nia, a Arag\u00f3 s\u00ed. \u00c9s sabut que entre Arag\u00f3 i Noruega existeixen forts paral\u00b7lelismes hist\u00f2rico-ling\u00fc\u00edstics. Vaig tractar aquest tema no fa gaires anys en un col\u00b7loqui a Graus. Ara hi torno amb m\u00e9s detalls. All\u00e0, com ac\u00ed, parlen tres lleng\u00fces. Fins a Kalmar (1397), quan Noruega fou incorporada a Dinamarca, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[37,12,11,4,27,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-activisme","category-aragones","category-llei-de-llengues","category-llengues-a-arago","category-lo-cresol","category-normalitzacio-del-catala"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27324","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27324"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27324\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27325,"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27324\/revisions\/27325"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lafranja.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}